Explaining the territorial capital of citizens as a result of their social capital and spatial attachment, case study: the city of Zahedan

Abstract

Background: The city of Zahedan is facing the phenomenon of depreciation of "citizens' territorial capital", which has harmful consequences on the city's management and erosion of Zahedan's economic, social and physical spatial foundations. The aim of the research is to evaluate the depreciation of "citizens' territorial capital" and also to determine the social, economic, physical spatial and historical factors (the initial origin of citizens) that explain and explain this phenomenon.Research method:This applied research was conducted with a descriptive and analytical method, a researcher-made questionnaire and a semi-structured interview..Findings: The analysis of citizens' territorial capital showed; 52% of all citizens, 64% of the Fars population, 70% of the Khorasani population, 64% of citizens who were pessimistic about the future of Zahedan, 68-72% of those with bachelor's to doctorate degrees, 60-70% of residents of the first, second and third level neighborhoods of the six hierarchical levels, to a high to very high degree, lacked "territorial capital".Conclusion: The relationship between the "territorial capital index" and some other research indicators, despite the initial expectation of an inverse or direct linear relationship, was unexpectedly, paradoxically and nonlinear. In this sense, in addition to respondents with high education and residents of very high neighborhoods who lacked territorial capital, illiterate or low-literate citizens, residents of very low neighborhoods also had a significant motivation to leave the city of Zahedan! This paradoxical and nonlinear relationship was also evident in the indicators of "satisfaction with life in Zahedan" and "perception of the future of the city of Zahedan