Identifying the Factors Influencing the Planning and Design of Age-Friendly City (Case Study: Tabriz Metropolis)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Professor, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Marand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marand, Iran

2 MA Student, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran

Abstract

The global population pattern has a growing trend towards aging and it is necessary to ideally plan and design urban spaces, structures and services with the elderly in mind. In this regard, in 2006, the World Health Organization proposed 8 key indicators as the necessities of an elderly-friendly city, which requires the planning and design of cities in line with the realization of these indicators. Considering the importance of realizing age-friendly city in today's era, the purpose of this research is to identify the factors influencing the planning and design of age-friendly city in Tabriz metropolis. The research method in the current study is quantitative with an applied-developmental nature, in order to analyze the data, partial least squares model was used in Warp-PLS software. The statistical population of the research also includes managers, officials and urban experts of Tabriz (about 1500 people) and the sample size is estimated to be 340 people based on the modified model of Cochran. The findings of the research show that the most effective in the realization of age-friendly city in Tabriz is in the planning dimension related to the components of the integrated planning and management system and institutional coordination and participation, and in the design dimension related to the components of the elderly-friendly body and transportation, respectively, the coefficients extracted based on The structural model of the research was 0.76, 0.68, 0.62 and 0.57 for each. Also, the results indicate that benefiting from inclusive views of urban spaces such as Bankzon's, Goldsmith's, and social design is an inevitable necessity for the realization of age-friendly city in Tabriz.

Keywords

References

Abril-Jimenez, P., Rojo Lacal, J., de los Rios Perez, S., Paramo, M., & Arredondo Waldmeyer, M. T. (2019). Ageing-friendly cities for assessing older adults’ decline: IoT-based system for continuous monitoring of frailty risks using smart city infrastructure. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 32, 663-671.DOI: 10.1007/s40520-019-01238-y
Adib Roshan, F., Talebpour, M., Peymanizad, H., & Pourezzat, A.A. (2020). Identifying the coordinates of the elderly-friendly city in Iran 2050. Vision of future cities, 1(2), 51-61.https://jvfc.ir/article-1-43-fa.html
Ball, S., & Lawler, K. (2014). Changing practice and policy to move to scale: A framework for age-friendly communities across the United States. Journal of Aging & Social Policy, 26, 19–32.DOI: 10.1080/08959420.2014.856706  
Benktzon, M. (1993). Designing for our future selves: the Swedish experience. Applied Ergonomics, 24(1), 19-27.https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-6870(93)90155-3
Biggs, S., & Carr, A. (2015). Age- and child-friendly cities and the promise of intergenerational space. Journal of Social Work Practice, 29(1), 99–112.DOI: 10.1080/02650533.2014.993942
Buckner, S., Pope, D., Mattocks, C., & Lafortune, L. (2019). Developing Age Friendly Cities: An Evidence-Based Evaluation Tool. Journal of Population Ageing, 12(2), 203-223.DOI: 10.1007/s12062-017-9206-2 
Buffel, T., & Phillipson, C. (2016). Can global cities be ‘age-friendly cities’? Urban development and ageing populations. Cities, 55, 94–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2016.03.016  
Buffel, T., & Phillipson, C. (2018). A manifesto for the age-friendly movement: developing a new urban agenda. J Journal of Aging & Social Policy, 30, 173–192. DOI: 10.1080/08959420.2018.1430414
Buffel, T., Handler, S., Phillipson, C. (Eds.). (2019). A Global Perspective, Age-friendly Cities and Communities. Policy Press, Bristol, UK. https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt1zrvhc4
Buffel, T., Philipson, C., & Schare, T. (2012). Ageing in urban environments: Developing, age friendly cities. http://www.sagepublications.com. Pp.116-143.
Chao, T.-Y.S. (2018). Planning for greying cities, Age-friendly City Planning and Design Research and Practice. Routledge - Taylor & Francis Group, Abingdon, UK.https://www.routledge.com
Chaudhury, H., Oswald, F. (2019). Advancing understanding of person-environment interaction in later life: one step further, Journal of Aging Studies, 51, 100821. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaging.2019.100821
Colnar, S., Dimovski, V., & Bogataj, D. (2021). Review of Telecare in Smart Age-Friendly Cities. IFAC-PapersOnLine, 54(13), 744-749.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2021.10.541
Development and construction plan of Tabriz "Comprehensive". (2016). Environmental consulting engineers, Ministry of Roads and Urban Development, General Department of Roads and Urban Development of East Azarbaijan province.http://nmoheet.com/FA
Dye, C. (2008). Health and urban living. Science, 319, 766–769. DOI: 10.1126/science.1150198
Flores, R., Caballer, A., & Alarcón, A. (2019). Evaluation of an Age-Friendly City and Its Effect on Life Satisfaction: A Two-Stage Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 16(24), 1-13.DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16245073
Gholami, M., Amininejad, G., & Banari, K. (2022). Measuring and evaluating the indicators of the elderly-friendly city (case study: Barazjan city). Planning and development of urban environment, 2(5), 17-30.https://juep.shiraz.iau.ir/article_689441.html
Goldsmith S. (2000). UNIVERSAL DESIGN A Manual of Practical Guidance for Architects. Architectural Press, New York.https://archive.org/details/UNIVERSAL_DESIGN
Handler, S. (2019). Chapter 11, Alternative age-friendly initiatives: redefining age-friendly design. In: T. Buffel, S. Handler, C. Phillipson (Eds.), Age-friendly Cities and Communities. A Global Perspective, Policy Press, Bristol, UK, 2019, pp. 211–229.https://www.architecture.com   
Hanson, J. (2004). The Inclusive City: delivering a more accessible urban environment through inclusive design of the Built Environment. Torrington Place Site University College, London.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316236517
Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., and R, R, Sinkovics, (2009). The use of partial least squares path modeling in international marketing, Advances in International Marketing, 20, pp: 277-320.https://doi.org/10.1108/S14747979(2009)0000020014
Imrie, R. (2000). Responding to the Design Needs of Disabled People. Journal of Urban Design, 5(2), 199-219.DOI: 10.1080/713683959
Joy, M. (2018). Problematizing the age friendly cities and communities program in Toronto. Journal of Aging Studies, 47, 49–56.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaging.2018.10.005
Joy, M., Marier, P., & Séguin, A.-M. (2020). Age Friendly Cities: A panacea for aging in place? In V. Billette, P. Marier, & A-M Séguin (Eds.). Getting Wise about Getting Old: Debunking Myths about Aging (pp. 64–72). Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press.https://www.ubcpress.ca/
Kendig, H., Elias, A. M., Majwijiw, P., & Anstey, K. (2014). Developing age-friendly cities and communities in Australia. Journal of Aging and Health, 26(8), 1390–1414.DOI: 10.1177/0898264314532687
Lai, M.M., Lein, S.Y., Lau, S.H., & Lai, M.L. (2016). Modeling Age-Friendly Environment, Active Aging, and Social Connectedness in an Emerging Asian Economy. Journal of aging research. 2016; 2016:2052380.DOI: 10.1155/2016/2052380
Livingston, A. (2008). Disability Policy and Practice. At the University of Saskatchewan. http://hdl.handle.net/10388/etd-06242008-104333
Lui, C.W., Everingham, J.A., Warburton, J., Cuthill, M., Bartlett, H. (2009). What makes a community age-friendly: A review of international literature. Australasian journal on ageing, 28(3), 116-21. DOI: 10.1111/j.1741-6612.2009.00355.x 
Marston, H.R., Shore, L., White, P. (2020). How does a (smart) age-friendly ecosystem look in a post-pandemic society? International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(21), 8276.https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218276
Moulaert, T., & Wanka, A. (2019). Benches as Materialisations of (Active) Ageing in Public Space: First Steps towards a Praxeology of Space. Urban Planning, 4 (2), 106-122.https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02176679
OECD. (2015). Ageing in Cities. OECD Publishing, Paris, France. https://www.oecd.org/
Organization WHO. (2007a). Age-friendly cities project methodology: Vancouver protocol. Genebra; 2007.https://www.health.gov.bc.ca/
Organization WHO. (2007b). Global age-friendly cities: A guide: World Health Organization; 2007.https://www.health.gov.bc.ca/
Peng, S., & Maing, M. (2021). Influential factors of age-friendly neighborhood open space under high-density high-rise housing context in hot weather: A case study of public housing in Hong Kong. Cities, 115, 1-14.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2021.103231
Plouffe, L., & Kalache, A. (2010). Towards global age-friendly cities: determining urban features that promote active aging. Journal of Urban Health, 87, 733–739.DOI: 10.1007/s11524-010-9466-0
Sharghi, A., Zarghami, E., Salehi, F., & Olfat, M. (2016). Assessing the status of global indicators of the elderly-friendly city in Tehran metropolis (AFC). Urban and regional studies and researches, 8(28), 1-22.https://urs.ui.ac.ir/article_20537.html
Skinner, M.W., Andrews, G.J., Cutchin, M.P. (2018). Introducing geographical gerontology, in: M.W. Skinner, G.J. Andrews, M.P. Cutchin (Eds.), Geographical Gerontology. Perspectives, Concepts, Approaches, Routledge, London, UK, 2018, pp. 3–10. https://www.Routledge.com
Van Hoof, J., Kazak, J.K. (2018). Urban ageing. Indoor Built Environ, 27, 583–586. https://doi.org/10.1177/1420326X18768
Van Hoof, J., Kazak, J.K., Perek-Białas, J.M., & Peek, S.T.M. (2018). The challenges of urban ageing: making cities age-friendly in Europe. Int. J. Environ. Res. Publ. Health, 15, 1-15.https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15112473
Van Hoof, J., Marston, H.R., Kazak, J.K., & Buffel, T. (2021). Ten questions concerning age-friendly cities and communities and the built environment. Building and Environment, 199, 1-26.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.107922
Winterton, R. (2016). Organizational responsibility for age-friendly social participation: Views of Australian rural community stakeholders. Journal of Aging & Social Policy, 28(4), 261–276.DOI: 10.1080/08959420.2016.1145504  
Wynants, M. (2009). In Sickness and in Health: The Future of Medicine: Added Value and Global Access. Brussel, Belgium: ASP - Academic and Scientific Publishers; 1 edition (September 1, 2009).https://www.amazon.com/
 
Zarghami, S.H., Kharazmi, O., & Johari, L. (2015). Evaluating Spatial – Physical indictors in Mashhad to become “Age-Friendly” City. Geoghraphy and territorial spatial arrangement, 5(15), 177-196.https://gaij.usb.ac.ir/article_2078.html
 
 
Geography and Territorial Spatial Arrangement
Volume 13, Issue 46
March 2023
Pages 33-60

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 16 September 2022
  • Revise Date: 10 November 2022
  • Accept Date: 26 November 2022

Share

How to cite

Statistics