Investigating and Measuring Urban Beauty in the Areas of Ardabil City

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Instructor, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Payame Noor University,Tehran,Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Art and Architecture, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.

3 Department of Architecture, Sarab Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sarab, Iran.

4 Instructor, Department of Geography, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

A beautiful city is one of the main concerns of combining aesthetic and practical elements in urban planning, and making the city beautiful is a solution to beautify its residents. Since urban space is the result of citizens' interaction, the greatest pleasure of urban beauty can be found in good design and amenities. In addition to addressing the category of beauty, this article has tried to answer the question that to what extent the urban areas of Ardabil have been able to implement the indicators of urban beauty? The current research is descriptive-analytical in terms of method and practical in terms of purpose. The statistical population was the citizens of the urban areas of Ardabil, and using the Cochran sampling formula, the number of 383 people was determined as the statistical sample size by stratified random sampling. Sampling was done from five urban areas of Ardabil according to the population share of each urban area. The data was collected by two documentary and field methods, and finally, by using Excel software and through Vicor's analytical model, the data was analyzed, and in the research findings, it was determined that each of the urban areas of Ardabil in terms of The implementation of urban beauty indicators had different ratios and the average position of Ardabil city in terms of the degree of urban beauty indicators was estimated with Q 0.545, slightly lower than the average.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

Aghdaie, M. Hashemkhani Zolfani, S. Kazimieras Zavadskas, E. (2014). Synergies of data mining and multiple attribute decision maing. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences 110, 767- 776.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.921   
Al-Salam, N. A., Al-Jaberi, A. A., & Al-Khafaji, A. S. (2021). Measuring of subjective and objective aesthetics in planning and urban design. Civil Engineering Journal, 7(9), 1557-1568. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091743
Araabi, H. F., Hickman, H., & McClymont, K. (2022). On beauty. Planning Theory & Practice, 23(4), 601-633.https://doi.org/10.1080/14649357.2022.2113613  
Atasoy, F., & Eren, D. (2023). Serial mediation: Destination image and perceived value in the relationship between perceived authenticity and behavioural intentions. European Journal of Tourism Research, (33).Doi: 10.54055/ejtr.v33i.2528  
Berleant, A. (1999). On getting along beautifully: ideas for a social aesthetics. Aesthetics in the human environment, 12-29. http://hdl.handle.net/10138/14171
Berleant, A. (2012). Distant cities: Thoughts on an aesthetics of urbanism. Aesthetics beyond the Arts, 105-115.
Berleant, A. (2013). What is aesthetic engagement?. Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive), 11(1), 5. https://digitalcommons.risd.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1269&context=liberalarts_contempaesthetics.  
Berleant, A. (2013). What is aesthetic engagement?. Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive), 11(1), 5.
Berleant, A., & Carlson, A. (Eds.). (2007). The aesthetics of human environments. Broadview press.
Bluestone, D. M. (1988). Detroit's city beautiful and the problem of commerce. The Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, 47(3), 245-262. https://online.ucpress.edu/jsah/article-abstract/47/3/245/2111/Detroit-s-City-Beautiful-and-the-Problem-of
Caymaz, G. F. Y., & Hamameh, S. (2020). Evaluation of aesthetic, functional, and environmental effects on the design of urban open spaces: A case study of Istanbul Sishane Park, Turkey. Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs, 4(2), 67-86. https://doi.org/10.25034/ijcua.2020.v4n2-7
Chen, M. H. (2017). The formative role of art: John Dewey’s art as quotidian experience. Journal of Literature and Art Studies, 7(12), 1574-1579. doi: 10.17265/2159-5836/2017.12.010
Coleman, E. B., Hartney, C., & Alderton, Z. (2013). Defining'social aesthetics'. Literature & Aesthetics, 23(1).
Dudzic-Gyurkovich, K. (2018). Effect of accessibility in housing complexes on shaping of beauty in the urban environment. Selected examples from Cracow. Teka Komisji Architektury, Urbanistyki i Studiów Krajobrazowych, 14(1), 116-125. https://doi.org/10.35784/teka.1746
Duncan, J. S., & Duncan, N. G. (2001). The aestheticization of the politics of landscape preservation. Annals of the association of American geographers, 91(2), 387-409. https://doi.org/10.1111/0004-5608.00250
Elbaz, A., & Alfasi, N. (2024). What About Beauty in Planning Theory and Practice?. Journal of Planning Literature, 39(1), 49-61. https://doi.org/10.1177/08854122231187574
Elbaz, A., & Alfasi, N. (2024). What About Beauty in Planning Theory and Practice?. Journal of Planning Literature, 39(1), 49-61. https://doi.org/10.1177/08854122231187574
Florida, R., Mellander, C., & Stolarick, K. (2011). Beautiful places: The role of perceived aesthetic beauty in community satisfaction. Regional studies, 45(1), 33-48. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2010.486784
Freestone, R. (2011). Reconciling beauty and utility in early city planning: the contribution of John Nolen. Journal of Urban History, 37(2), 256-277. https://doi.org/10.1177/0096144210391594
Galindo, M. P. G., & Rodríguez, J. C. (2000). Environmental aesthetics and psychological wellbeing: Relationships between preference judgements for urban landscapes and other relevant affective responses. Psychology in Spain, 4(1), 13-27.  https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=e4092506b94e27c3c646c9a6d1cb3ab517b9dd72
Gao, J., & Gao, J. (2018). The Beauty of a City: Thoughts from an Ecological Perspective. Aesthetics and Art: Traditional and Contemporary China in a Comparative Perspective, 217-232. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-56701-2_16
García-Doménech, S. (2015). Urban aesthetics and social function of actual public space: a desirable balance. Theoretical and Empirical Researches in Urban Management, 10(4), 54-65. https://rua.ua.es/dspace/bitstream/10045/140596/1/Garcia-Domenech_2015_TERUM.pdf
Gassner, G. (2022). Beauty as violence. Planning Theory and Practice, 23(4), 601-633.
Gassner, G. (2023). Aestheticizing the beautiful city: Democratic politics and design review. Urban Geography, 44(6), 1098-1116. https://doi.org/10.1080/02723638.2021.1874742
Gassner, G. (2023). Aestheticizing the beautiful city: Democratic politics and design review. Urban Geography, 44(6), 1098-1116. https://doi.org/10.1080/02723638.2021.1874742
Ghafari Gilandeh, Atta; Hashemi-Masoom-Abad, Reza; Mustafapour, Mansour. (2016). Evaluating the spatial distribution of neighborhood parks and presenting the optimal location model using the Vicor method (case study of Ardabil city, Environmental Science and Technology, 21st volume, number 5, pp. 261-245. (In Persian) https://journals.srbiau.ac.ir/article_14056.html
Gjerde, M. (2010). Visual aesthetic perception and judgement of urban streetscapes. In Paper for Building a Better World: CIB World Congress , pp. 12-22. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=1e2dda5790e218d651df118233cf1430b7bdbd09#page=16
Goodfellow, T., & Smith, A. (2013). From urban catastrophe to ‘model’city? Politics, security and development in post-conflict Kigali. Urban studies, 50(15), 3185-3202. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098013487776
Gustafsson, E. (2023). How Can Contextual Variables Influence Creative Thinking? Contributions from the Optimal‐Level of Arousal Model. The Journal of Creative Behavior, 57(1), 96-108. https://doi.org/10.1002/jocb.565
Herzog, T. R., & Chernick, K. K. (2000). Tranquility and danger in urban and natural settings. Journal of environmental psychology, 20(1), 29-39. https://doi.org/10.1006/jevp.1999.0151
Hess, D. B. (2006). Transportation beautiful: did the city beautiful movement improve urban transportation?. Journal of Urban History, 32(4), 511-545.
Hobbis, S. K., & Hobbis, G. (2023). Beauty for Development? Betel Aesthetics and Socioeconomic Stability in Urban Solomon Islands. The Asia Pacific Journal of Anthropology, 24(1), 36-56. https://doi.org/10.1080/14442213.2022.2115123 
Iandoli, L., Salado, A., & Zollo, G. (2020). The role of aesthetic reasoning in knowledge management: the case of elegant systems architecture design. Knowledge Management Research & Practice, 18(1), 93-109. https://doi.org/10.1080/14778238.2019.1678410
Kellert, S. R. (2018). Nature by design: The practice of biophilic design. yale university press.
Kim, A. M., Merrill, E. L. I. Z. A. B. E. T. H., Miller, C. C., & Yates, C. S. (2014). The Beautiful. https://iascthrivingcitieslab.org/wp-content/uploads/tcl-endowment-brief-beautiful.pdf
La Rocca, F. (2020). The social experience of urban life: An aesthetic interpretation of places and ambiences. In The Detective of Modernity (pp. 46-54). Routledge. Https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9780429201370-4/social-experience-urban-life-fabio-la-rocca 
Lensu, S. (2024). Beauty banned: navigating aesthetic citizenship in Rwandan borderlands. Citizenship Studies, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/13621025.2024.2348868
Liyun, Y. (2019, September). Building a beautiful and livable garden city in Chengdu. In 2019 Asia-Pacific Forum on Economic and Social Development (Vol. 2, pp. 220-223). The Academy of Engineering and Education.
https://aeescience.org/ppapers/2019092701/ESD92740
Maggi, R., & Scholz, C. (2008). Finding the Invisible–Quantifying the ‘urban beauty’of Dubai via content analysis of photographs. Instant cities: Emergent trends in architecture and urbanism in the Arab world. https://ssl.lu.usi.ch/entityws/Allegati/pdf_pub3217.pdf
Martin, J. L. (2011). The explanation of social action. OUP USA.
Meek, M. A. (1979). History of the city beautiful movement in Canada, 1890-1930 (Doctoral dissertation, University of British Columbia). http://hdl.handle.net/2429/22018
Mengsheng, C. (2022, April). Research on the Index System of “Beautiful Economy” Construction from the Perspective of Common Prosperity. In 2022 International Conference on Social Sciences and Humanities and Arts (SSHA 2022) (pp. 609-612). Atlantis Press. Doi: 10.2991/assehr.k.220401.115
Meyer, E. K. (2008). Sustaining beauty. The performance of appearance: A manifesto in three parts. Journal of landscape Architecture, 3(1), 6-23. https://doi.org/10.1080/18626033.2008.9723392 
Mirbach, D. (2009). Magnitudo aesthetica, Aesthetic Greatness. Ethical Aspects of Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten’s Fragmentary Aesthetica. The Nordic Journal of Aesthetics, 20(36-37).
Miyahara, K. (2014). Exploring social aesthetics: Aesthetic appreciation as a method for qualitative sociology and social research. International Journal of Japanese Sociology, 23(1), 63-79.  https://doi.org/10.1111/ijjs.12025
Morbidoni, M. (2013). Aesthetics of the Informal Urban Landscape: A Potential Factor of Social Inclusion. Rethinking Urban Inclusion, 534.
Mowla, Q. A. (2011). Urban aesthetics: A study on Dhaka. The history heritage and urban issues of capital Dhaka, 3, 169-262.
Nia, H. A. N. (2021). The role of urban aesthetics on enhancing vitality of urban spaces. Khulna University Studies, 59-77. https://doi.org/10.53808/KUS.2021.18.02.2112-E
Nia, H. A., & Suleiman, Y. H. (2018). Aesthetics of space organization: lessons from traditional European cities. Journal of Contemporary Urban Affairs, 2(1), 66-75. https://doi.org/10.25034/ijcua.2018.3659
OPRICOVIC, S.TZENG (2004). Compromise solution by MCDM methods: A comparative analysis of VIKOR and TOPSIS. European Journal of Operational Research 156, 445 – 455. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0377-2217(03)00020-1
Ostrovsky, E. (1964). Nox Irae: the Literary Vision of Louis-Ferdinand Celine. New York University.
Pellegri, G.(2017). Environment Landscape City. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/211055486.pdf
Pizzol, M. (2020). The City Beautiful Movement. https://soar.suny.edu/bitstream/handle/20.500.12648/13561/4626_mariana.pizzol.pdf?sequence=1
Porta, S., Rofè, Y., & Vidoli, M. (2016). The city and the grid: building beauty at large scale. https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/55754/1/Porta_etal_Sustasis_2016_The_city_and_the_grid_building_beauty.pdf
Prosperity, M. (2009). Beautiful Places: The Role of Perceived Aesthetic Beauty in Community Satisfaction. https://ranaflorida.com/articles/Beautiful%20places.pdf
Prosperity, M. (2009). Beautiful Places: The Role of Perceived Aesthetic Beauty in Community Satisfaction.
Punter, J. (2017). Aesthetics in planning. Values and planning, 38-67. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781315235141-3/aesthetics-planning-john-punter
Schulz, E. (2011). Nagai Kafu^¯'s Reflections on Urban Beauty in Hiyorigeta: Reappraising Tokyo's Back Alleys and Waterways.http://hdl.handle.net/10928/192.           
Taher, A., Desfandi, M., Azis, D., Gadeng, A. N., & Agusriati, I. (2021). Community Participation in Maintaining the Cleanliness and Beauty of the City of Banda Aceh through the E-Berindah Application. Proceedings of AICS-Social Sciences, 11, 51-63.
Van Nus, W. (1975). The fate of city beautiful thought in Canada, 1893-1930. Historical Papers, 10(1), 197.
Wilkinson,Willoughby. (2005). Chapter, X. I. V. GETTING ALONG BEAUTIFULLY: IDEAS FOR A SOCIAL AESTHETICS.
Xia, C., Zhang, A., & Yeh, A. G. (2022). The varying relationships between multidimensional urban form and urban vitality in Chinese megacities: Insights from a comparative analysis. Annals of the American Association of Geographers, 112(1), 141-166. https://doi.org/10.1080/24694452.2021.1919502  
Geography and Territorial Spatial Arrangement
Volume 14, Issue 53
January 2025
Pages 203-230

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 22 August 2024
  • Revise Date: 10 October 2024
  • Accept Date: 19 October 2024

Share

How to cite

Statistics