Residents' Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the Urban Regeneration and Renewal Laws in the Decayed Districts of Hamidia City, Iran

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assistant Professor of Geography, Department of Geography, Yazd University.

2 Master of Geography and Urban Planning, Department of Geography, Yazd University

Abstract

Urban laws define power relations to change and reproduce urban spaces. The present article aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of "the law of the endorsement of revitalization, improvement and regeneration of decayed and inefficient urban neighborhoods on the process of urban regeneration in the decayed districts of Hamidia city, Yazd province, Iran, by using statistical methods including the Chi-square test, one-sample T-test and path analysis. The results showed all indicators related to urban regeneration are lower than the expected situation because regenerating drivers, including public-private participation, the socio-economic empowerment of residents, the provision of financial resources, tax incentives, building incentives, the allocation of urban infrastructure, urban land supply, the reduction of organizational bureaucracy and the improvement of inter-organizational coordination, do not work efficiently in the study area. The results of the one-sample T-test indicated that the above drivers have a significant distance from the expected conditions. According to the path analysis, the variables of socio-economic empowerment of residents, the allocation of urban infrastructure and the provision of financial resources have the most positive and overall effect on the urban regeneration of the decayed districts, respectively. Variables of the organizational bureaucracy, inter-organizational coordination and urban land supply have the most negative and overall effects, respectively. The ineffectiveness of urban regeneration law in Hamida city may result from its holistic and comprehensive approach. In urban environments like Hamida city with low diversity and low desirability of socio-economic-physical potentials, this approach can reduce the capacity of urban planners and managers to mobilize socio-economic and spatial resources to revitalize decayed districts.

Keywords

References

Azizi, Mohammad Mehdi; Behra, spring (2016). The role of development stimulating projects in recreating the central fabric of cities: a case study, the historical fabric of Yazd city. Journal of Fine Arts - Architecture and Urban Planning, University of Tehran, Volume 22, Number 4, pp. 5-16.https://jfaup.ut.ac.ir/article_65692.html
Hamidiya municipality. (2012). Improvement and renovation project of worn-out fabric of Hamidia city, Yazd.
Johnston, Ronald. (1379). The issue of place: an investigation in human geography. Translated by Jalal Tabrizi, Ministry of Foreign Affairs Publications, Tehran.
Ministry of Roads and City Planning. (2013). National strategic document for revitalization, renovation, and empowerment of worn-out tissues, Tehran.http://dastour.ir/brows/?lid=362998
Mohammadi, Hamid; Fakharzadeh, Zahra. (2019). Investigating the role of development-stimulating projects in the regeneration of worn-out urban tissues based on an analytical comparison of the neighborhoods of Gudal Mosli and Sheikhdad (project under review: Yazd School of Art and Architecture). Andishnama Shahr, Art University, Volume 1, Number 1 - Serial Number 1, pp. 31-48. http://urband.journal.art.ac.ir/article_852.html
Parliament. (1347) Urban Renovation and Development Law, Tehran.https://rc.majlis.ir/fa/law/show/96267
Parliament. (1389). The Law of Supporting the Revival, Improvement and Renovation of Dilapidated and Inefficient Urban Fabrics, Tehran.https://rc.majlis.ir/fa/law/show/790100
Pourmehdi Amiri, Mahdi (1401). Investigating the feasibility of recreating the worn-out urban fabric in order to improve the quality of life from the perspective of citizen participation. Geography and Human Relations, Izh Azmi, Volume 4, Number 4, pp. 457-474.https://www.gahr.ir/article_149682.html
Prizadi, Tahir; Zarei Fatima; Moradi Mehdi (1400). Evaluation of drivers of urban development in the historical structure (study case: the historical context of Qom city). Studies of urban structure and function, Mazandaran University, period 4, number 15, pp. 7-31.https://shahr.journals.umz.ac.ir/article_1812.html
Qane, Mahsa; Arvin, Mahmoud; Maleki, Saeed. (2019). Measuring the ability to use urban development drivers in the regeneration of worn-out fabric (case study: Shahjoq neighborhood of Semnan). Geography and Regional Urban Planning, University of Sistan and Baluchistan, Volume 10, Number 34, pp. 1-22.https://gaij.usb.ac.ir/article_5273.html
Sai, Ali (2011). Statistical Analysis in Social Sciences, Kian Mehr Publications, Tehran.
Sajjadzadeh, Hassan; Hamidinia Maryam; Dalvand, Rizvan. (2016). Measuring and evaluating the dimensions of driving development in the regeneration of traditional neighborhoods, a case example: Haji neighborhood in the historical context of Hamadan city. Geography and Development Quarterly, University of Sistan and Baluchistan, Volume 15, Number 49, pp. 1-22.https://gdij.usb.ac.ir/article_3446.html
Seyed Baranji, Seyed Kaharba; Doctors, Manouchehr; Bahraini, Seyyed Hossein. (1400). Assessing the realization of the principles and criteria of sustainable regeneration in the direction of planning and sustainable development of the historical context (case study: historical-central context of Rasht city). The Scientific and Research Quarterly of New Attitudes in Human Geography, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar Branch, Volume 13, Number 2, Serial Number 50, pp. 25-42.https://geography.garmsar.iau.ir/article_680419.html
Soleimani Mehranjani, Mohammad; Zanganeh, Ahmed; Prizadi, Tahir; Bigler, Ali. (1400). Evaluation of the role of improvement and renovation projects of dilapidated urban tissues in improving the quality of the urban environment (case study: Briyank neighborhood). Geography and Human Relations, Izh Azmi, Volume 4, Number 1, pp. 220-239.https://www.gahr.ir/article_133638.html
The Council of Ministers. (2017) Executive Regulations of the National Sustainable Urban Regeneration Program. Tehran.  https://rc.majlis.ir/fa/law/show/1060556
Think, conductor. (2019). The framework of transforming the process of forming large-scale projects in historical contexts into a positive catalyst for development (case study: historical context of Najaf Ashraf). Islamic Architecture Research, Iran University of Science and Technology, Volume 8, Number 2, pp. 73-95.http://jria.iust.ac.ir/article-1-1345-fa.html
Ahuja V and Priyadarshini S. (2017). Community participation in urban road infrastructure redevelopment: Indian scenario. Journal of Urban Regeneration & Renewal 11: 16-29.https://ideas.repec.org/a/aza/jurr00/y2017v11i1p16-29.html
Aleshire RA. (1972). Power to the people: An assessment of the community action and model cities experience. Public Administration Review 32: 428-443.
Axelrod M. (1956). Urban structure and social participation. American Sociological Review 21: 13-18.https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1957-07722-001
Bakst D. (2015) A Decade after Kelo: Time for congress to protect american property owners. Heritage Foundation Backgrounder.
Balchin P. (2002). An overview of pre-Thatcherite housing policy. Housing: the essential foundations: 21-44.https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9780203010426-1/overview-pre-thatcherite-housing-policy-paul-balchin
Brown LD and Frieden BJ. (1976). Rulemaking by improvisation: Guidelines and goals in the Model Cities Program. Policy Sciences: 455-488.https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00139941
Calderon CA and Servén L. (2004). The effects of infrastructure development on growth and income distribution. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper, Washington, D.C.https://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/abs/10.1596/1813-9450-3400
Cander AD. (2011). The law and practice of municipal land assembly: Fifty years of urban redevelopment and community opposition in Newark, New Jersey. Graduate Program in Planning and Public Policy. Rutgers The State University of New Jersey-New Brunswick.https://rucore.libraries.rutgers.edu/rutgers-lib/33592/
Carmon N. (1999). Three generations of urban renewal policies: analysis and policy implications. Geoforum 30: 145-158.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/222462243_Three_generations_of_urban_renewal_policies_analysis_and_policy_implications
Cestac J, Kraïem S and Assailly J-P. (2016). Cultural values and random breath tests as moderators of the social influence on drunk driving in 15 countries. Journal of safety research 56: 89-96.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S002243751500105X
Chao J-C and Hsu K-W. (2018). The impact of Taiwan’s urban-renewal policies, laws and decrees on urban redevelopment and urban disaster prevention. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. IOP Publishing.http://ir.lib.cyut.edu.tw:8080/bitstream/310901800/33935/2/Impact+of+Urban+Renewal+Policies%2C+Laws+and+Decrees+on+Urban+Redevelopment+and+Urban+Disaster+Prevention.pdf
Collins WJ and Shester KL. (2013). Slum clearance and urban renewal in the United States. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 5: 239-273.https://www.jstor.org/stable/43189425
D'Onofrio A and Giordani PE. (2019). Infrastructures and income inequality: The case of Italian provinces. Politica economica 35: 27-54.https://ideas.repec.org/a/mul/je8794/doi10.1429-93306y2019i1p27-54.html
Davies JC. (1966). Neighborhood groups and urban renewal: Columbia University Press.https://archive.dartmouthalumnimagazine.com/article/1966/7/1/neighborhood-groups-and-urban-renewal
Eltahir MM. (2005). Community participation in housing and urban development in poor urban communities, case study of Umbadda, Khartoum.https://repository.up.ac.za/handle/2263/10377
Foerster A. (2019). “Progress and perfectability”: Urban policy, model cities, and community control in the shadow of Newark. City & Community 18: 915-936.https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/cico.12432
Gaber J. (2019). Building “a ladder of citizen participation” Sherry Arnstein, citizen participation, and model cities. Journal of the American planning association 85(1): 88-201.
Gibson F and Prathes J. (1977). Does anything work? Evaluating social programs. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.
González-Pampillón N, Jofre-Monseny J and Viladecans-Marsal E. (2020). Can urban renewal policies reverse neighborhood ethnic dynamics? Journal of Economic Geography 20: 419-457.https://academic.oup.com/joeg/article-abstract/20/2/419/5522966
Groberg RP. (1965). Urban renewal realistically reappraised. Law and contemporary problems 30: 212-229.https://scholarship.law.duke.edu/lcp/vol30/iss1/15/
Hawley AH. (1963). Community power and urban renewal success. American journal of Sociology 68: 422-431.https://scholarworks.wm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=5056&context=etd
Hsu J-y and Chang W-h. (2013). From state-led to developer-led? The dynamics of urban renewal policies in Taiwan. The Routledge companion to urban regeneration. Routledge, 168-178.
Keijts T. (2021). The voice and influence of residents in urban redevelopment projects: Analysis of the effects of participation on Dutch urban redevelopment projects for developers.
Lavine A. (2011). From Slum clearance to economic development: A retrospective of redevelopment policies in New York State. Alb. Gov't L. Rev. 4: 212.https://www.albanygovernmentlawreview.org/article/23817-from-slum-clearance-to-economic-development-a-retrospective-of-redevelopment-policies-in-new-york-state
Liu G, Yi Z, Zhang X, et al. (2017). An evaluation of urban renewal policies of Shenzhen, China. Sustainability 9: 1001.https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/9/6/1001
Mayer IS, van Bueren EM, Bots PW, et al. (2005). Collaborative decisionmaking for sustainable urban renewal projects: a simulation–gaming approach. Environment and Planning B: planning and design 32: 403-423.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/23541492_Collaborative_Decisionmaking_for_Sustainable_Urban_Renewal_Projects_A_Simulation_-_Gaming_Approach
Merrett S. (2021). State housing in Britain: Routledge.
Montgomery DC, Peck EA and Vining GG. (2021). Introduction to linear regression analysis: John Wiley & Sons.
Murray C .(1985) .Losing ground: American social policy, 1950-1980: Basic books.
Nordli E. (2018). The Origins of the double stigma of large post-war council estates in the UK: 1945-1978. University of Oslo.
Olobatuyi ME. (2006). A user's guide to path analysis: University Press of America.
Reddy KN. (1996). Urban redevelopment: A study of high-rise buildings: Concept Publishing Company.
Romano GC. (2020). Changing urban renewal policies in China: Springer.
Ryan TP. (2013). Sample size determination and power: John Wiley & Sons.
Sahabiev I, Smirnova E and Giniyatullin K. (2021). Spatial prediction of agrochemical properties on the scale of a single field using machine learning methods based on remote sensing data. Agronomy 11: 2266.
Sinwell L. (2009). Participation as popular agency: The limitations and possibilities for transforming development in the Alexandra Renewal Project. University of the Witwatersrand.
UN-Habitat. (2020). Rules of the game: Urban legislation. Available at:https://unhabitat.org/sites/default/files/2020/09/rules_of_the_game8_0.pdf.
Weber BA and Wallace A. (2012). Revealing the empowerment revolution: a literature review of the model cities program. Journal of Urban History 38: 173-192.
Weicher JC. (1976). The fiscal profitability of urban renewal under matching grants and revenue sharing. Journal of Urban Economics 3: 193-208.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0094119076900401
Yamoah CF, Francis CA, Varvel GE, et al. (1998). Weather and management impact on crop yield variability in rotations. Journal of production agriculture 11: 219-225.https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269580466_Weather_and_Management_Impact_on_Crop_Yield_Variability_in_Rotations
Zhang W, Zhang X and Wu G (2021) .The network governance of urban renewal: A comparative analysis of two cities in China. Land Use Policy 106: 105448.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S026483772100171X
 
 
Geography and Territorial Spatial Arrangement
Volume 13, Issue 46
March 2023
Pages 177-202

Files

History

  • Receive Date: 05 August 2022
  • Revise Date: 13 December 2022
  • Accept Date: 05 February 2023

Share

How to cite

Statistics