مدل‌سازی اثرگذاری گردشگری خلاق بر توسعـة کارآفرینی پایدار روستایی (نمونۀ موردی: شهرستان دامغان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد گروه جغرافیای انسانی و آمایش، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

2 دانشجوی دکترای جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار گروه جغرافیای انسانی و آمایش، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

4 دانشیار گروه جغرافیای انسانی و آمایش، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

گردشگری خلاق به­عنوان جزئی از صنعت عظیم گردشگری، می‌تواند نقش عمده‌ای در توانمندسازی مردم محلی و تنوع‌بخشی به رشد اقتصادی و همچنین خلق فرصت‌های شغلی جدید در فضاهای روستایی در ارتباط با کارآفرینی پایدار روستایی و سایر بخش‌های اقتصادی ایفا کند؛ از این­رو پژوهش حاضر به بررسی اثرات گردشگری خلاق بر توسعة کارآفرینی پایدار می‌پردازد. پژوهش حاضر از نوع کمّی بوده و به­روش توصیفی- تحلیلی انجام شده‌است. جامعة آماری تحقیق، خانوارهای روستاهای شهرستان دامغان به تعداد 30296 خانوار می‌باشد. برای محاسبة حجم نمونه در بین خانوارها، با استفاده از فرمول کوکران تعداد 291 نمونه انتخاب گردید. روش‌های آماری در این پژوهش با استفاده از تحلیل همبستگی و رگرسیون با استفاده از نرم‌افزار «SPSS» انجام شده‌است. علاوه بر این به­دلیل نرمال­نبودن داده‌ها، از مدل معادلات ساختاری (‏SEM)‏ با استفاده از روش حداقل مربعات جزئی از نرم‌افزار (‏SMART PLS4) ‏استفاده شد. نتایج آزمون آماری همبستگی «کندال توبی» نشان می‌دهد که بین گردشگری خلاق و توسعة کارآفرینی پایدار روستایی با میزان (664/0) رابطة مثبت و معنی­داری وجود دارد به این معنی که هرچه گردشگری خلاق افزایش یابد، توسعة کارآفرینی پایدار نیز افزایش می‌یابد. همچنین نتایج حاصل از معادلات ساختاری نشان می‌دهد که گردشگری خلاق با مقدار  T (581/10) و مقدار ضریب مسیر (641/0) بر کارآفرینی پایدار روستایی تأثیر مثبتی دارند. علاوه بر این  نتایج مدل رگرسیونی گام‌به‌گام نشان می‌دهد که به‌طور کلی، گردشگری خلاق تأثیر مثبت و معناداری بر کارآفرینی پایدار دارد به­طوری‌که متغیّر صنایع دستی با (684/0) بیشترین تأثیر و  اطلاع‌رسانی و تبلیغات با (116/0) کمترین تأثیر را بر توسعة کارآفرینی پایدار داشته‌است. این پژوهش با پر کردن خلأ مطالعاتی در زمینة ارتباط تجربی بین گردشگری خلاق و کارآفرینی پایدار در نواحی روستایی، ارزش افزوده‌ای به ادبیات توسعة روستایی و گردشگری می‌افزاید. همچنین یافته‌ها می‌تواند به‌عنوان مبنایی برای سیاست‌گذاری در حوزة توسعة گردشگری خلاق، برنامه‌ریزی کارآفرینی و توانمندسازی جوامع محلی مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Modeling the Impact of Creative Tourism on Rural Sustainable Entrepreneurship Development (Case Study: Damghan County)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Aliakbar Anabestani 1
  • Halimeh Binaeiyan 2
  • Pegah Moridsadat 3
  • Jamileh Tavakolinia 4
1 Professor in Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
2 Ph.D. Candidate in Geography and Rural Planning, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Prof. in Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
4 Associate Prof. in Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Creative tourism, as a part of the vast tourism industry, can play a significant role in empowering local people, diversifying economic growth, and creating new job opportunities in rural areas related to sustainable rural entrepreneurship and other economic sectors. Therefore, the present study examines the effects of creative tourism on the development of sustainable entrepreneurship. The research methodology is quantitative and descriptive-analytical. The statistical population of the study consists of the households in the villages of Damghan County, which includes 30,296 households. To calculate the sample size, 291 households were selected using the Cochran formula. The statistical methods in this study were carried out using correlation and regression analysis with SPSS software. Additionally, due to the non-normality of the data, the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach was used with the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method in SMART PLS4 software. The results of the Kendall’s Tau correlation test indicate a positive and significant relationship between creative tourism and the development of rural sustainable entrepreneurship, with a correlation coefficient of 0.664. Furthermore, the structural equation results show that creative tourism has a positive impact on rural sustainable entrepreneurship, with a T-value of 10.581 and a path coefficient of 0.641. Additionally, the stepwise regression model results demonstrate that, overall, creative tourism has a positive and significant effect on sustainable entrepreneurship, with the handicrafts variable having the highest impact (0.684), and information and advertising having the least impact (0.116). This research adds value to the literature on rural development and tourism by filling a research gap in the empirical relationship between creative tourism and sustainable entrepreneurship in rural areas. Furthermore, the findings can serve as a basis for policymaking in the field of creative tourism development, entrepreneurship planning, and the empowerment of local communities.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Creative tourism
  • Sustainable entrepreneurship
  • Structural equations
  • Damghan County
مطیعی لنگرودی، سید حسن. (1385) نقش گردشگری در اقتصادی روستایی ایران، مجلة علوم جغرافیایی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی مشهد، 1(3)، 7-29.
 
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