نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد برنامه ریزی آمایش سرزمین، گروه جغرافیای انسانی و برنامه ریزی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، ایران
2 دانشیار گروه جغرافیای انسانی و برنامه ریزی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Over the past two decades, the establishment of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in Iran has been promoted as a strategy to accelerate industrialization, attract foreign direct investment, and improve employment indicators. Despite their rapid expansion, the spatial, social, and environmental impacts of these zones at the local level have received limited attention. This study aims to evaluate the multidimensional effects of the Arg‑e Jadid Bam Special Economic Zone on the physical and social transformations of surrounding settlements. The Arg‑e Jadid Special Economic Zone is located near Bam in Kerman Province, southeastern Iran, and is considered one of the country’s major industrial hubs. The concentration of industries, particularly in the automotive sector, has attracted labor migration and significantly influenced the spatial and demographic structure of nearby settlements. This research adopts a descriptive–analytical approach. Data were collected through field surveys and remote sensing techniques. A total of 220 questionnaires were completed by local residents (120) and non-local migrants (100). In addition, satellite images from 2007 and 2025 were analyzed to examine physical and land-use changes. The data were analyzed using a one-sample t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient. The findings show that in the social dimension, the level of place attachment among residents was above the theoretical average, while indicators such as social trust, hope for the future, and continuity of local traditions were below the average level. Economically, employment opportunities and small businesses have increased; however, rising land and housing prices have imposed financial pressure on households. Environmentally, declining water quality and weaknesses in waste and wastewater management were observed. Physically, rapid housing construction and reconstruction driven by increasing demand have placed pressure on local infrastructure. Overall, the Arg‑e Jadid Special Economic Zone has improved employment and investment indicators but has also created challenges related to social sustainability, environmental conditions, and the housing market. Integrating industrial development with comprehensive environmental management and improved land‑use planning is essential for achieving sustainable regional development.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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